Frozen Shoulder / Adhesive Capsulitis
What is Frozen Shoulder?
Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by stiffness, pain, and limited mobility in the shoulder joint. It occurs when the capsule surrounding the shoulder joint thickens and tightens, restricting the normal range of motion. The condition typically develops slowly and can last for several months to years if untreated.
Frozen shoulder is often divided into three phases:
- Freezing Phase – Gradual onset of pain and stiffness.
- Frozen Phase – Pain may decrease, but shoulder movement becomes very restricted.
- Thawing Phase – Gradual improvement of shoulder motion as the stiffness and pain start to resolve.
The condition can be incredibly frustrating, especially since it impairs the ability to move the shoulder in all directions, affecting daily activities and quality of life.
Causes of Frozen Shoulder:
- Injury or Surgery:
A shoulder injury or surgery, particularly if the shoulder has been immobilized for a long period, can lead to the development of frozen shoulder. This is often seen after rotator cuff surgery or fractures. - Systemic Conditions:
Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, heart disease, and Parkinson’s disease, increase the risk of developing frozen shoulder. People with diabetes are particularly susceptible, often experiencing more severe symptoms. - Overuse or Repetitive Motion:
Repetitive use of the shoulder in sports or work activities can sometimes lead to the development of frozen shoulder, especially if the shoulder is overused without proper rest or rehabilitation. - Age and Gender:
Frozen shoulder is more common in people between the ages of 40 and 60, and women are more likely to develop the condition than men.
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Symptoms of Frozen Shoulder:
- Pain: Initially, pain occurs around the shoulder joint and may radiate down the arm. The pain is typically sharp during movement but may lessen as the condition progresses.
- Stiffness: As the condition progresses, stiffness increases, making it difficult to perform basic movements such as reaching behind the back or raising the arm overhead.
- Reduced Range of Motion: One of the hallmark symptoms is an inability to move the shoulder freely in all directions. Everyday activities, like brushing hair or putting on clothes, may become challenging.
- Night Pain: Many people with frozen shoulder experience pain at night, which can disrupt sleep, especially when lying on the affected side.
Why is it Important to Treat Frozen Shoulder?
Frozen shoulder, if left untreated, can lead to long-term pain and permanent loss of mobility in the affected shoulder. Early intervention is key to reducing pain, improving range of motion, and preventing chronic stiffness. Treatment aims to restore movement, reduce inflammation, and manage the pain associated with this condition.
Treatment for Frozen Shoulder:
Treatment for frozen shoulder focuses on alleviating pain, improving shoulder mobility, and restoring function. Depending on the severity and stage of the condition, treatment options may include physical therapy, chiropractic care, medications, or, in more severe cases, surgical intervention.
Key Treatment Modalities for Frozen Shoulder:
- Physiotherapy
- Chiropractic Care
- Heat and Cold Therapy
- Post-Treatment Rehabilitation
Physiotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment for frozen shoulder. A tailored physiotherapy program is essential for restoring movement, reducing pain, and preventing long-term stiffness.
- Pain Management and Inflammation Reduction:
In the early stages, the focus is on pain management. Therapists may use techniques such as cold therapy, ultrasound therapy, or TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) to reduce inflammation and relieve discomfort. - Gentle Range-of-Motion Exercises:
After the initial pain is controlled, gentle stretching exercises are introduced to begin restoring the range of motion. These exercises are aimed at increasing flexibility and reducing the tightness around the shoulder capsule. - Stretching and Mobilization Techniques:
Physiotherapists use specific manual techniques to mobilize the shoulder joint. These techniques, such as joint mobilizations and soft tissue massage, help reduce stiffness and encourage movement in the affected area. - Strengthening Exercises:
Once range of motion is restored, strengthening exercises are introduced to help improve shoulder function and stability. The rotator cuff muscles and shoulder blade muscles are the primary focus, as they help support the shoulder joint and prevent future injury. - Postural Education:
Poor posture can contribute to or exacerbate shoulder stiffness. Physiotherapists often provide guidance on maintaining proper posture to alleviate strain on the shoulder joint and surrounding muscles.
Chiropractic care can also play a role in managing frozen shoulder, particularly when addressing misalignments and improving shoulder mobility.
- Spinal Adjustments:
Misalignment in the upper spine or rib cage can impact shoulder movement and contribute to discomfort. Chiropractic adjustments can help restore proper alignment and function in the spine, which can alleviate shoulder tension and discomfort. - Soft Tissue Therapy:
Chiropractors may use myofascial release or active release techniques to treat tightness and adhesions in the muscles surrounding the shoulder. These therapies help break up muscle knots and restore normal tissue function, reducing stiffness and promoting healing. - Joint Mobilizations:
Chiropractors can perform gentle joint mobilizations to improve shoulder motion and reduce stiffness in the affected joint.
Both heat and cold therapy can be effective for managing the pain and inflammation associated with frozen shoulder.
- Cold Therapy (Cryotherapy):
Cold therapy is particularly helpful in the early stages of frozen shoulder when inflammation is at its peak. Ice packs applied to the shoulder can reduce swelling and numb pain. - Heat Therapy:
Heat therapy is beneficial during the later stages of recovery when stiffness is more prominent. Applying heat can help relax muscles and increase blood flow, promoting healing and flexibility.
Rehabilitation after the acute phase of frozen shoulder treatment is critical for regaining full range of motion and strength. A structured physiotherapy program, focusing on gentle exercises and strengthening, helps ensure long-term recovery and minimize the risk of re-injury.
Why Choose ActiveCare Physiotherapy & Rehab for Frozen Shoulder Treatment?
At ActiveCare Physiotherapy & Rehab, we specialize in providing personalized and effective treatment for frozen shoulder. Our experienced team is committed to helping you regain full mobility and return to your daily activities without pain.
- Individualized Treatment Plans:
We tailor our treatment programs to address the unique needs of each patient, ensuring a focused approach to alleviate pain and improve shoulder function. - Comprehensive Rehabilitation:
Our holistic approach to rehabilitation includes physiotherapy, chiropractic care, manual therapies, and post-surgical care to achieve optimal results. - Dedicated Care and Support:
We provide continuous support throughout your recovery journey, offering guidance, exercises, and treatments to help you achieve long-term relief from frozen shoulder.
Start Your Recovery Today
Don’t let frozen shoulder restrict your daily life. Contact ActiveCare Physiotherapy & Rehab to schedule a consultation and begin your journey toward a pain-free and mobile shoulder.